Moisture Measurement

Jakkula, Pekka ; Seppanen, Markku ; et al.

2012

Online Patent

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An electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus generates in to a material space and in at least two different directions radio frequency electromagnetic fields adapted to resonate in different directions at a different frequency on the basis of a material insertable into the material space; and a signal processing unit configured to determine a moisture content of the material on the basis of a resonance frequency of each electromagnetic field and quality of each resonance in different directions. While controlling a process, a control system comprises a measurement chamber and an electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus placed on each material feed line of the process. A controller may control the process on the basis of each determined moisture content on each feed line.

Titel:	Moisture Measurement
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Jakkula, Pekka ; Seppanen, Markku ; Vuolteenaho, Mikko
Link:	Zum Volltext
Veröffentlichung:	2012
Medientyp:	Patent
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: USPTO Patent Applications Sprachen: English Document Number: 20120239210 Publication Date: September 20, 2012 Appl. No: 13/503724 Application Filed: November 03, 2010 Assignees: SENFIT OY (Oulu, FI) Claim: 1. A measurement device for measuring moisture from a material by electromagnetic radiation, wherein the measurement device comprises: a material space; an electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus comprising a resonator with resonator parts; the resonator parts comprising switching elements at the ends of the resonator parts and in the material space, the switching elements being configured to generate in to a material space and in at least two different directions radio frequency electromagnetic fields of a TM waveform adapted to resonate in different directions at a different frequency on the basis of the material insertable into the material space; and a signal processing unit configured to determine a moisture content of the material on the basis of a resonance frequency of each electromagnetic field and quality of each resonance in different directions. Claim: 2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus comprises a first resonator part and a second resonator part that are aligned with one another, the first resonator part and the second resonator part being adapted to be placed on opposite sides of the material space. Claim: 3. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus is configured to generate the radio frequency electromagnetic fields at least in two orthogonal directions. Claim: 4. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the material to be measured is planar, the measurement device is configured to generate the radio frequency electromagnetic fields in to the material space in two different directions. Claim: 5. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the material to be measured is three-dimensional, the measurement device being configured to generate the radio frequency electromagnetic fields in to the material space at least in three different directions. Claim: 6. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic fields are adapted to resonate at a different frequency in different directions on the basis of dimensions of the measurement chamber or the material space that are different in different directions. Claim: 7. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic fields are adapted to resonate at a different frequency in different directions on the basis of different waveforms in different directions. Claim: 8. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus comprises a radiation source and at least three switching elements, at least some of the switching elements being configured to excite the electromagnetic fields in different directions, at least some of the switching elements being configured to detect the electromagnetic fields in said directions. Claim: 9. A device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus comprises at least three exciting switching elements and at least three detecting switching elements, each of the detecting switching elements being tuned to detect the electromagnetic field of one exciting switching element. Claim: 10. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus is configured to sweep the frequency of the radio frequency radiation over a predetermined band, the signal processing unit being configured to measure a strength of the radio frequency radiation as a function of frequency in order to determine a resonance frequency and a resonance quality. Claim: 11. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the measurement device is configured to use a wavelength that is greater than a piece size of the material. Claim: 12. A control system for controlling a process which receives a material whose moisture content varies, wherein the control system comprises: one or more electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatuses adapted to be placed on each material feed line of the process, the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus comprising a resonator with resonator parts; the resonator parts comprising switching elements at the ends of the resonator parts and in the material space, the switching elements being configured to generate, at least in two different directions, radio frequency electromagnetic fields of a TM waveform adapted to resonate in different directions at a different frequency on the basis of a material insertable into a material space; a signal processing unit configured to determine a moisture content of the material on each feed line on the basis of a resonance frequency of each electromagnetic field and quality of each resonance in each direction; and a controller configured to control the process on the basis of each determined moisture content on each feed line. Claim: 13. A system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus is configured to generate the radio frequency electromagnetic fields at least in two orthogonal directions. Claim: 14. A system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the process is a material burning process. Claim: 15. A system as claimed in claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to add fuel to the burning process when the moisture content of the material is at a predetermined limit or when it exceeds a predetermined limit, the controller being configured to decrease fuel in the burning process when the moisture content of the material is below a predetermined limit. Claim: 16. A system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the controller is configured to restrict a material feed from a feed line whose moisture content is below a predetermined danger threshold. Claim: 17. A system as claimed in claim 12, the controller is configured to control the material feed on each feed line in a proportion reverse to the moisture content of the feed line. Claim: 18. A system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the controller is configured to decrease the material feed from at lest one feed line whose moisture content exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Claim: 19. A method of measuring moisture from a material by radio frequency electromagnetic radiation, the method comprising: generating by resonator parts with switching elements at the ends of the resonator parts and in a material space, at least in two different directions radio frequency electromagnetic fields of a TM waveform that resonate in different directions at a different frequency on the basis of the material in the material space; and determining a moisture content of the material on the basis of a resonance frequency of each electromagnetic field and quality of each resonance in orthogonal directions. Claim: 20. A method as claimed in claim 19, the method further comprising generating the radio frequency electromagnetic fields at least in two orthogonal directions. Claim: 21. A method as claimed in claim 19, the method further comprising generating the radio frequency electromagnetic fields in to the material space in two different directions when the material to be measured is planar. Claim: 22. A method as claimed in claim 19, the method further comprising generating the radio frequency electromagnetic fields in to the material space at least in three different directions when the material to be measured is three-dimensional. Claim: 23. A method as claimed in claim 19, the method further comprising: exciting the electromagnetic fields by at least some of switching elements in different directions; and detecting the electromagnetic fields in said different directions by at least some of switching elements, wherein an electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus comprises a radiation source and at least two switching elements. Claim: 24. A method as claimed in claim 23, wherein the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus comprises at least three exciting switching elements at least three detecting switching elements, each of the detecting switching elements being tuned to detect the electromagnetic field of one exciting switching element. Claim: 25. A method as claimed in claim 19, the method further comprising: sweeping a frequency of radio frequency radiation over a predetermined band by the electromagnetic field tuning and detection apparatus; and measuring a strength of the radio frequency radiation as a function of frequency by a signal processing unit in order to determine a resonance frequency and a resonance quality. Claim: 26. A method as claimed in claim 19, the method further comprising carrying out measurement at a wavelength that is greater than a piece size of the material. Claim: 27. A method of controlling a process which receives a material whose moisture content varies, the method further comprising the method comprising: generating by resonator parts with switching elements at the ends of the resonator parts and in a material space in to a measurement chamber at least in two different directions radio frequency electromagnetic fields of a TM waveform that resonate in different directions at a different frequency on the basis of the material insertable into the material space; determining the moisture content of the material on the basis of a resonance frequency of each electromagnetic field and quality of each resonance in different directions; and controlling the process on the basis of each determined moisture content on each feed line. Claim: 28. A method as claimed in claim 27, the method further comprising generating the radio frequency electromagnetic fields at least in two orthogonal directions. Claim: 29. A method as claimed in claim 27, wherein the process is a material burning process. Claim: 30. A method as claimed in claim 29, the method further comprising: adding fuel to the burning process when the moisture content of the material is at a predetermined level or when it exceeds a predetermined limit; and decreasing fuel in the burning process when the moisture content of the material is below a predetermined limit. Claim: 31. A method as claimed in claim 27, the method further comprising restricting a material feed from a feed line whose moisture content is below a predetermined danger threshold. Claim: 32. A method as claimed in claim 27, the method further comprising controlling the material feed on each feed line in a proportion reverse to the moisture content of the feed line. Claim: 33. A method as claimed in claim 27, the method further comprising decreasing the material feed from at least one feed line whose moisture content exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Current U.S. Class: 700/282 Current International Class: 01; 05; 05

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