The experimental comparison on the fluid warming performances of the Rangeru2122, ThermoSensu00ae, and Mega Acer Kitu00ae according to flow rates and distances

Background and Goal of Study: Perioperative hypothermia is a recognized and common side effect of anesthesia, which inhibits normal thermoregulation. Therefore, the guideline recommends that intravenous fluids with volumes > 500 ml should be warmed to 37u00b0C using a fluid warming device. The changes in the temperature of the delivered fluid can be influenced by the device-specific maximum flow rate as well as the outflow tubing length from the warming device. We conducted to compare the fluid warming performances of Mega Acer Kitu00ae, which is designed for warming the fluid via the lumen of the heated circuit, with Rangeru2122 and ThermoSensu00ae according to flow rates and distances.Materials and methods: We set Mega Acer Kitu00ae (group M), Rangeru2122 (group R) and ThermoSensu00ae (group T) according to the manufacturers' instructions and infused fluids, which had been stored in the operating room over the previous 24 hr, using infusion pump at sequent flow rates 440 ml/hr, 650 ml/hr, 860 ml/hr, 1140 ml/hr and fully dropping state. We simultaneously recorded fluid temperatures at the inlet point and two outlet points [76 cm (proximal) and 166 cm (distal) from each device] every 1 min for 10 min after the 10 min of equilibration period between each infusion rate. We repeated each test eight in each device. Results and discussion: The temperature at inlet point showed no significant differences among the groups. At a flow of 440 ml/hr, the temperature of proximal outlet point was significantly higher in group M (34.3 u00b1 1.1u00b0C) compared with group R and T (29.3 u00b1 0.8u00b0C and 30.4 u00b1 0.1u00b0C, p < 0.05). However, it was significantly lower than that of group R and T at 1140 ml/hr and fully dropping state (37.8 u00b1 0.4u00b0C and 36.7 u00b1 0.1u00b0C, p < 0.05). The temperature of distal outlet point also showed the similar results with more significant decrease (p < 0.05), except at fully dropping state in group R and T (37.2 u00b1 0.2u00b0C and 36.0 u00b1 ...