Temporal distribution of Plasmodium falciparum recrudescence following artemisinin-based combination therapy : an individual participant data meta-analysis
Uppsala universitet, Internationell barnhälsa och nutrition ; Uppsala universitet, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD) ; World Wide Antimalarial Resistance Network WWARN, Oxford, England.;Infect Dis Data Observ IDDO, Oxford, England.;Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. ; Univ Melbourne, Ctr Epidemiol & Biostat, Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. ; Ifakara Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. ; Malaria Consortium, London, England. ; Univ Khartoum, Fac Med, Khartoum, Sudan. ; New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. ; Mentor Initiat, Chicago, IL USA. ; Natl Inst Malaria Res, Sect 8, New Delhi 110077, Uganda. ; Myanmar Oxford Clin Res Unit, Yangon, Myanmar.;Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford, England.;Nangarhar Univ, Med Fac, Ghulam Rahim Awab, Afghanistan.;MORU Trop Hlth Network, Bangkok, Thailand. ; Ctr Invest Manhica CISM, Maputo, Mozambique.;Univ Barcelona, ISGlobal, Hosp Clin, Barcelona, Spain.;ICREA, Pg Lluis Co 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain.;Consorcio Invest Biomed Red Epidemiol & Salud Pub, Madrid, Spain.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Microbiol Tumour & Cell Biol, Stockholm, Sweden. ; Univ Tubingen, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany.;Kenya Med Res Inst Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.;Heidelberg Univ, Dept Infect Dis, Sch Med, Heidelberg, Germany. ; Radboudumc Nijmegen, Radboud Inst Hlth Sci, Nijmegen, Netherlands.;Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Med Microbiol, Med Ctr, Njimegen, Netherlands. ; African Field Epidemiol Network, Kampala, Uganda. ; Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mae Sot, Thailand.;Mahidol Oxford Univ Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. ; Sigma Tau SpA Ind Farmaceut Riunite, Private Consultancy Drug Dev Trop Dis, Rome, Italy.;Univ Paris, MERIT, IRD, F-75006 Paris, France. ; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Med Res Council Unit Gambia, Fajara, Gambia.;London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. ; Univ Western Australia, Med Sch, Crawley, WA, Australia. ; Univ Paris, MERIT, IRD 216, F-75006 Paris, France. ; Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. ; Natl Malaria Control Program, Luanda, Angola. ; Inst Pasteur, BP 923, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. ; Univ Sci Tech & Technol Bamako, Fac Pharm, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Dept Epidemiol Parasit Dis, Bamako, Mali. ; Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. ; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Biol, London, England. ; Med Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Australian Def Force Malaria & Infect Dis Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. ; GSK Vaccines, R&D Ctr, Clin & Epidemiol Dept, Ave Fleming 20, B-1300 Wavre, Belgium.;Epicentre, 8 Rue St Sabin, F-75011 Paris, France. ; Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Ibadan, Nigeria. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. ; INSERM, U1094, Trop Neuroepidemiol, Limoges, France.;Dept Infect Dis & Trop Med, F-87042 Limoges, France. ; Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Dept Med Parasitol, Med Fac, Dakar, Senegal. ; Univ Nova Lisboa Portugal, Inst Hyg & Trop Med, Lisbon, Portugal. ; Karolinska Inst Biomed, Dept Microbiol Tumor & Cell Biol MTC, Solnavagen 9,C9, S-17165 Solna, Sweden. ; Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Program, Monrovia, Liberia. ; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Infect & Trop Dis, London, England. ; Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. ; US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA.;Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. ; Med Sans Frontieres, Brussels, Belgium. ; Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. ; Catholic Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Mwanza, Tanzania. ; Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland.;Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. ; Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Med Sch, Western Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.;Sunshine Hosp, Western Hlth Chron Dis Alliance, Furlong Rd, St Albans, Vic 3021, Australia. ; Drugs Neglected Dis Initiat, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Islamic Univ Uganda, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol, Mbale, Uganda. ; Indepth Network, Bandim Hlth Project, Apartado 861, Bissau, Guinea Bissau.;Kolding Cty Hosp, Dept Paediat, Kolding, Denmark.;Univ Southern Denmark, IRS, Aarhus, Denmark. ; Univ Tubingen, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany.;Ctr Rech Med Lambarene, Lambarene, Gabon. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok, Thailand. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford, England.;Kenya Med Res Inst Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. ; Mahosot Hosp, Lao Oxford Mahosot Hosp Wellcome Trust Res Unit, Microbiol Lab, Viangchan, Laos.;Churchill Hosp, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford, England. ; Univ Cocody, Fac Pharm, Dept Parasitol, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. ; Amsterdam Univ Med Ctr, Parasitol, Med Microbiol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Hubert Kairuki Mem Univ, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.;London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London, England. ; Univ Thies, Dept Parasitol & Mycol, Hlth Sci Res & Training Unit, Thies, Senegal. ; Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Parasitol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. ; Malaria Res Initiat, Bandarban, Bangladesh. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med Res Bldg,Old Rd Campus, Oxford, England.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Mae Sot, Thailand. ; Inst Pasteur Cote Ivoire, Malariol Dept, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. ; Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, US Army Med Res Unit, Kisumu, Kenya. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. ; Inst Rech Sci Sante IRSS, Direct Reg Ouest, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.;Ctr Muraz Bobo Dioulasso, Non Transmissible Dis Dept, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.;Ctr Muraz Bobo Dioulasso, Non Transmissible Dis Dept, Bobo Dioul Asso, Burkina Faso. ; Inst Pasteur Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. ; Duke Univ, Duke Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC USA. ; US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA.;Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. ; Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Natl Malaria Control Program, Monrovia, Liberia. ; Muhimbili Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. ; Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Trop Med, Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Hamburg, Germany.;Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Med 1, Hamburg, Germany.;Univ Tubingen, Inst Tropenmed, Tubingen, Germany. ; Inst Pasteur, BP 923, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ.;French Armed Forces Biomed Res Inst IRBA, Marseille, France. ; World Wide Antimalarial Resistance Network WWARN, Oxford, England.;Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA USA. ; Grp Rech Act Sante GRAS, 06 BP 10248, Ouagadougou 06, Burkina Faso. ; Myanmar Oxford Clin Res Unit, Oxford, England.;Med Act Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar. ; Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda.;London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Clin Res, London, England. ; Univ Indonesia, Fac Med, Dept Parasitol, 6 Salemba Raya, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. ; World Hlth Org, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.;WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network, Oxford, England.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. ; Ctr Rech Med Lambarene, Lambarene, Gabon.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok, Thailand. ; UNOPS RBM Partnership End Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Charles Darwin Univ, Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Global & Trop Hlth Div, Darwin, NT, Australia. ; Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.;Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. ; Indepth Network, Bandim Hlth Project, Apartado 861, Bissau, Guinea Bissau.;Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Epartment Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Danderyd Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Stockholm, Sweden. ; Operat Ctr Brussels, Med Sans Frontieres, Brussels, Belgium. ; Med Sans Frontieres Operat Ctr Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Ctr Trop Med & Travel Med, Div Infect Dis, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Novartis Int AG, Basel, Switzerland. ; Inst Rech Sci Sante IRSS, Direct Reg Ouest, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.;Mahidol Oxford Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. ; World Wide Antimalarial Resistance Network WWARN, Oxford, England.;Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.;Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT, Australia.;Charles Darwin Univ, Darwin, NT, Australia. ; Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. ; Springer Nature ; Oxford Univ Clin Res Unit OUCRU, Ctr Trop Med, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Program MOP, Oxford, England., 2022
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Zugriff:
Background: The duration of trial follow-up affects the ability to detect recrudescent infections following anti-malarial treatment. The aim of this study was to explore the proportions of recrudescent parasitaemia as ascribed by genotyping captured at various follow-up time-points in treatment efficacy trials for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Methods: Individual patient data from 83 anti-malarial efficacy studies collated in the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) repository with at least 28 days follow-up were available. The temporal and cumulative distributions of recrudescence were characterized using a Cox regression model with shared frailty on study-sites. Fractional polynomials were used to capture non-linear instantaneous hazard. The area under the density curve (AUC) of the constructed distribution was used to estimate the optimal follow-up period for capturing a P. falciparum malaria recrudescence. Simulation studies were conducted based on the constructed distributions to quantify the absolute overestimation in efficacy due to sub-optimal follow-up. Results: Overall, 3703 recurrent infections were detected in 60 studies conducted in Africa (15,512 children aged < 5 years) and 23 studies conducted in Asia and South America (5272 patients of all ages). Using molecular genotyping, 519 (14.0%) recurrences were ascribed as recrudescent infections. A 28 day artemether-lumefantrine (AL) efficacy trial would not have detected 58% [95% confidence interval (CI) 47-74%] of recrudescences in African children and 32% [95% CI 15-45%] in patients of all ages in Asia/South America. The corresponding estimate following a 42 day dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) efficacy trial in Africa was 47% [95% CI 19-90%] in children under 5 years old treated with > 48 mg/kg total piperaquine (PIP) dose and 9% [95% CI 0-22%] in those treated with <= 48 mg/kg PIP dose. In absolute terms, the simulation study found that trials limited to 28 days follow-up following AL underestimated the risk ...
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Temporal distribution of Plasmodium falciparum recrudescence following artemisinin-based combination therapy : an individual participant data meta-analysis
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Dahal, Prabin ; Simpson, Julie Anne ; Abdulla, Salim ; Achan, Jane ; Adam, Ishag ; Agarwal, Aarti ; Allan, Richard ; Anvikar, Anupkumar R. ; Ashley, Elizabeth A. ; Bassat, Quique ; Borrmann, Steffen ; Bousema, Teun ; Bukirwa, Hasifa ; Carrara, Verena, I ; Corsi, Marco ; D'Alessandro, Umberto ; Davis, Timothy M. E. ; Deloron, Philippe ; Desai, Meghna ; Dimbu, Pedro Rafael ; Djalle, Djibrine ; Djimde, Abdoulaye ; Dorsey, Grant ; Drakeley, Chris J. ; Duparc, Stephan ; Edstein, Michael D. ; Espie, Emmanuelle ; Faiz, Abul ; Falade, Catherine ; Fanello, Caterina ; Faucher, Jean-Francois ; Faye, Babacar ; Fortes, Filomeno de Jesus ; Gadalla, Nahla B. ; Gaye, Oumar ; Gil, J. Pedro ; Gilayeneh, Julius ; Greenwood, Brian ; Grivoyannis, Anastasia ; Hien, Tran Tinh ; Hwang, Jimee ; Janssens, Bart ; Juma, Elizabeth ; Kamugisha, Erasmus ; Karema, Corine ; Karunajeewa, Harin A. ; Kiechel, Jean R. ; Kironde, Fred ; Kofoed, Poul-Erik ; Kremsner, Peter G. ; Lee, Sue J. ; Marsh, Kevin ; Mårtensson, Andreas ; Mayxay, Mayfong ; Menan, Herve ; Mens, Petra ; Mutabingwa, Theonest K. ; Ndiaye, Jean-Louis ; Ngasala, Billy ; Noedl, Harald ; Nosten, Francois ; Offianan, Andre Toure ; Ogutu, Bernhards R. ; Olliaro, Piero L. ; Ouedraogo, Jean Bosco ; Piola, Patrice ; Plowe, Christopher, V ; Plucinski, Mateusz M. ; Pratt, Oliver James ; Premji, Zulfikarali ; Ramharter, Michael ; Rogier, Christophe ; Vitare, Primum ; Rombo, Lars ; Rosenthal, Philip J. ; Sibley, Carol ; Sirima, Sodiomon ; Smithuis, Frank ; Staedke, Sarah G. ; Sutanto, Inge ; Talisuna, Ambrose Otau ; Tarning, Joel ; Taylor, Walter R. J. ; Temu, Emmanuel ; Thriemer, Kamala ; Thuy-Nhien, Nguyen ; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam ; Ursing, Johan D. ; van Herp, Michel ; van Lenthe, Marit ; van Vugt, Michele ; William, Yavo ; Winnips, Cornelis ; Zaloumis, Sophie ; Zongo, Issaka ; White, Nick J. ; Guerin, Philippe J. ; Stepniewska, Kasia ; Price, Ric N. ; Arinaitwe, Emmanuel |
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Veröffentlichung: | Uppsala universitet, Internationell barnhälsa och nutrition ; Uppsala universitet, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD) ; World Wide Antimalarial Resistance Network WWARN, Oxford, England.;Infect Dis Data Observ IDDO, Oxford, England.;Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. ; Univ Melbourne, Ctr Epidemiol & Biostat, Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. ; Ifakara Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. ; Malaria Consortium, London, England. ; Univ Khartoum, Fac Med, Khartoum, Sudan. ; New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. ; Mentor Initiat, Chicago, IL USA. ; Natl Inst Malaria Res, Sect 8, New Delhi 110077, Uganda. ; Myanmar Oxford Clin Res Unit, Yangon, Myanmar.;Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford, England.;Nangarhar Univ, Med Fac, Ghulam Rahim Awab, Afghanistan.;MORU Trop Hlth Network, Bangkok, Thailand. ; Ctr Invest Manhica CISM, Maputo, Mozambique.;Univ Barcelona, ISGlobal, Hosp Clin, Barcelona, Spain.;ICREA, Pg Lluis Co 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain.;Consorcio Invest Biomed Red Epidemiol & Salud Pub, Madrid, Spain.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Microbiol Tumour & Cell Biol, Stockholm, Sweden. ; Univ Tubingen, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany.;Kenya Med Res Inst Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.;Heidelberg Univ, Dept Infect Dis, Sch Med, Heidelberg, Germany. ; Radboudumc Nijmegen, Radboud Inst Hlth Sci, Nijmegen, Netherlands.;Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Med Microbiol, Med Ctr, Njimegen, Netherlands. ; African Field Epidemiol Network, Kampala, Uganda. ; Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mae Sot, Thailand.;Mahidol Oxford Univ Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. ; Sigma Tau SpA Ind Farmaceut Riunite, Private Consultancy Drug Dev Trop Dis, Rome, Italy.;Univ Paris, MERIT, IRD, F-75006 Paris, France. ; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Med Res Council Unit Gambia, Fajara, Gambia.;London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. ; Univ Western Australia, Med Sch, Crawley, WA, Australia. ; Univ Paris, MERIT, IRD 216, F-75006 Paris, France. ; Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. ; Natl Malaria Control Program, Luanda, Angola. ; Inst Pasteur, BP 923, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. ; Univ Sci Tech & Technol Bamako, Fac Pharm, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Dept Epidemiol Parasit Dis, Bamako, Mali. ; Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. ; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Biol, London, England. ; Med Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Australian Def Force Malaria & Infect Dis Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. ; GSK Vaccines, R&D Ctr, Clin & Epidemiol Dept, Ave Fleming 20, B-1300 Wavre, Belgium.;Epicentre, 8 Rue St Sabin, F-75011 Paris, France. ; Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Ibadan, Nigeria. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. ; INSERM, U1094, Trop Neuroepidemiol, Limoges, France.;Dept Infect Dis & Trop Med, F-87042 Limoges, France. ; Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Dept Med Parasitol, Med Fac, Dakar, Senegal. ; Univ Nova Lisboa Portugal, Inst Hyg & Trop Med, Lisbon, Portugal. ; Karolinska Inst Biomed, Dept Microbiol Tumor & Cell Biol MTC, Solnavagen 9,C9, S-17165 Solna, Sweden. ; Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Program, Monrovia, Liberia. ; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Infect & Trop Dis, London, England. ; Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. ; US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA.;Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. ; Med Sans Frontieres, Brussels, Belgium. ; Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. ; Catholic Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Mwanza, Tanzania. ; Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland.;Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. ; Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Med Sch, Western Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.;Sunshine Hosp, Western Hlth Chron Dis Alliance, Furlong Rd, St Albans, Vic 3021, Australia. ; Drugs Neglected Dis Initiat, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Islamic Univ Uganda, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol, Mbale, Uganda. ; Indepth Network, Bandim Hlth Project, Apartado 861, Bissau, Guinea Bissau.;Kolding Cty Hosp, Dept Paediat, Kolding, Denmark.;Univ Southern Denmark, IRS, Aarhus, Denmark. ; Univ Tubingen, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany.;Ctr Rech Med Lambarene, Lambarene, Gabon. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok, Thailand. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford, England.;Kenya Med Res Inst Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. ; Mahosot Hosp, Lao Oxford Mahosot Hosp Wellcome Trust Res Unit, Microbiol Lab, Viangchan, Laos.;Churchill Hosp, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford, England. ; Univ Cocody, Fac Pharm, Dept Parasitol, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. ; Amsterdam Univ Med Ctr, Parasitol, Med Microbiol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Hubert Kairuki Mem Univ, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.;London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London, England. ; Univ Thies, Dept Parasitol & Mycol, Hlth Sci Res & Training Unit, Thies, Senegal. ; Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Parasitol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. ; Malaria Res Initiat, Bandarban, Bangladesh. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med Res Bldg,Old Rd Campus, Oxford, England.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Mae Sot, Thailand. ; Inst Pasteur Cote Ivoire, Malariol Dept, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. ; Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, US Army Med Res Unit, Kisumu, Kenya. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. ; Inst Rech Sci Sante IRSS, Direct Reg Ouest, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.;Ctr Muraz Bobo Dioulasso, Non Transmissible Dis Dept, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.;Ctr Muraz Bobo Dioulasso, Non Transmissible Dis Dept, Bobo Dioul Asso, Burkina Faso. ; Inst Pasteur Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. ; Duke Univ, Duke Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC USA. ; US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA.;Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. ; Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Natl Malaria Control Program, Monrovia, Liberia. ; Muhimbili Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. ; Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Trop Med, Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Hamburg, Germany.;Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Dept Med 1, Hamburg, Germany.;Univ Tubingen, Inst Tropenmed, Tubingen, Germany. ; Inst Pasteur, BP 923, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ.;French Armed Forces Biomed Res Inst IRBA, Marseille, France. ; World Wide Antimalarial Resistance Network WWARN, Oxford, England.;Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA USA. ; Grp Rech Act Sante GRAS, 06 BP 10248, Ouagadougou 06, Burkina Faso. ; Myanmar Oxford Clin Res Unit, Oxford, England.;Med Act Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar. ; Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda.;London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Clin Res, London, England. ; Univ Indonesia, Fac Med, Dept Parasitol, 6 Salemba Raya, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. ; World Hlth Org, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.;WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network, Oxford, England.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. ; Ctr Rech Med Lambarene, Lambarene, Gabon.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok, Thailand. ; UNOPS RBM Partnership End Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Charles Darwin Univ, Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Global & Trop Hlth Div, Darwin, NT, Australia. ; Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.;Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. ; Indepth Network, Bandim Hlth Project, Apartado 861, Bissau, Guinea Bissau.;Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Epartment Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Danderyd Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Stockholm, Sweden. ; Operat Ctr Brussels, Med Sans Frontieres, Brussels, Belgium. ; Med Sans Frontieres Operat Ctr Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Ctr Trop Med & Travel Med, Div Infect Dis, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Novartis Int AG, Basel, Switzerland. ; Inst Rech Sci Sante IRSS, Direct Reg Ouest, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. ; Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.;Mahidol Oxford Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. ; World Wide Antimalarial Resistance Network WWARN, Oxford, England.;Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.;Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT, Australia.;Charles Darwin Univ, Darwin, NT, Australia. ; Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. ; Springer Nature ; Oxford Univ Clin Res Unit OUCRU, Ctr Trop Med, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Program MOP, Oxford, England., 2022 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
DOI: | 10.1186/s12936-021-03980-z |
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