Cholera diagnosis in human stool and detection in water: A systematic review and meta-analysis
In: PLoS One, 2022
academicJournal
Zugriff:
BACKGROUND: Cholera continues to pose a problem for low-resource, fragile and humanitarian contexts. Evidence suggests that 2.86 million cholera cases and 95,000 deaths due to cholera are reported annually. Without quick and effective diagnosis and treatment, case-fatality may be 50%. In line with the priorities of the Global Task Force on Cholera Control, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy and other test characteristics of current tests for cholera detection in stool and water. METHODS: We searched 11 bibliographic and grey literature databases. Data was extracted on test sensitivity, specificity and other product information. Meta-analyses of sensitivity and specificity were conducted for tests reported in three or more studies. Where fewer studies reported a test, estimates were summarised through narrative synthesis. Risk of Bias was assessed using QUADAS-2. RESULTS: Searches identified 6,637 records; 41 studies reporting on 28 tests were included. Twenty-two tests had both sensitivities and specificities reported above 95% by at least one study, but there was, overall, wide variation in reported diagnostic accuracy across studies. For the three tests where meta-analyses were possible the highest sensitivity meta-estimate was found in the Cholera Screen test (98.6%, CI: 94.7%-99.7%) and the highest specificity meta-estimate in the Crystal VC on enriched samples (98.3%, CI: 92.8%-99.6%). There was a general lack of evidence regarding field use of tests, but where presented this indicated trends for lower diagnostic accuracy in field settings, with lesser-trained staff, and without the additional process of sample enrichment. Where reported, mean test turnaround times ranged from over 50% to 130% longer than manufacturer’s specification. Most studies had a low to unclear risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS: Currently available Rapid Diagnostic Tests can potentially provide high diagnostic and detection capability for cholera. However, stronger evidence is required regarding ...
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Cholera diagnosis in human stool and detection in water: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Falconer, Jennifer ; Diaconu, Karin ; O’May, Fiona ; Gummaraju, Advaith ; Victor-Uadiale, Ifeyinwa ; Matragrano, Joseph ; Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie ; Ager, Alastair |
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Zeitschrift: | PLoS One, 2022 |
Veröffentlichung: | Public Library of Science, 2022 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0270860 |
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