KONTROLA RASTA ALGI U VODNIM EKOSUSTAVIMA UPOTREBOM SLAME JEČMA ; ALGAL GROWTH CONTROL IN WATER SYSTEMS USING BARLEY STRAW

Alge uzrokuju niz problema u organiziranim vodenim sustavima: ometaju protok u drenažnim sustavima, blokiraju pumpe i brane, ometaju navigaciju, ribolov i druge oblike rekreacije, uzrokuju kvarenje i miris pitke vode, blokiraju filtere i u nekim slučajevima, predstavljaju zdravstveni rizik za ljude, stoku i divlje životinje. Ti problemi su u stalnom porastu zbog povišenih koncentracija hranjivih tvari u vodi kao rezultat ljudske aktivnosti i prirodnih procesa. Jednostanične alge je teško kontrolirati metodama koje se koriste za druge vodene biljke zbog njihove male veličine i brzog rasta. Alge su osjetljive na herbicide, ali ovaj pristup je nepopularan u nekim vodama zbog utjecaja na okoliš ili zdravlje ljudi i vodenih populacija. Nadalje, herbicidi uništavaju i više biljke, tako da ponovni rast algi nije ograničen natjecanjem s višim biljkama i problem se pogoršava u idućim godinama. Primjena slame ječma u vodi testirana je u širokom rasponu situacija u mnogim zemljama širom svijeta te se pokazala vrlo uspješnom u većini situacija bez poznatih nepoželjnih nuspojava. Slama ječma u vodi tijekom procesa raspadanja oslobađa spojeve koje sprječavaju rast algi. Ova primjena pruža jeftin, ekološki prihvatljiv način kontrole algi u vodotocima u rasponu veličina od vrtnih jezeraca do velikih rezervoara, potoka, rijeka i jezera. Unatoč jednostavnosti ideje, iskustvo je pokazalo da postoji nekoliko osnovnih pravila koje treba slijediti kako bi se osigurala uspješnost slame ječma u spomenute svrhe. Cilj ovog rada je pružiti praktične savjete o optimalnim načinima korištenja slame ječma za potrebe kontrole rasta algi u organiziranim vodenim sustavima. ; Algae cause a number of problems in organized water systems. They impede flow in drainage systems, pumps and dams, interfere with navigation, fishing and other forms of recreation, cause taint and odour problems in potable waters, block filters and, in some cases, create a health hazard to humans, livestock and wildlife. These problems are increasing because nutrient concentrations in water are rising as a result of human activity and natural processes. Unicellular algae are difficult to control by methods used for other aquatic plants due to their small size and rapid growth. Algae are sensitive to herbicides, but this approach is unpopular in some waters because of the impact on the environment or human health and aquatic populations. Furthermore, herbicides destroy more plants, so the regrowth of algae is not restricted by competition from higher plants and the problem gets worse in subsequent years. The application of barley straw in water was tested in a wide range of situations in many countries around the world and has proved very successful in most situations with no known adverse side effects. During the process of decomposition, barley straw releases compounds in water that prevent the growth of algae. This application provides a cost effective, environmentally friendly way to control algae in water bodies ranging in size from garden ponds to large reservoirs, streams, rivers and lakes. Despite the simplicity of the idea, experience has shown that there are some basic rules that must be followed to ensure the success of barley straw for the above-mentioned purposes. The aim of this paper is to provide practical advice on the optimal ways of using barley straw for algal growth control in organized water systems.