Magnetic Field Properties inside the Jet of Mrk 421: Multiwavelength Polarimetry Including the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer
In: A&A 681, A12 (2024); (2023)
Online
report
Zugriff:
We conducted a polarimetry campaign from radio to X-ray wavelengths of the high-synchrotron-peak (HSP) blazar Mrk 421, including Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) measurements on 2022 December 6-8. We detected X-ray polarization of Mrk 421 with a degree of $\Pi_{\rm X}$=14$\pm$1$\%$ and an electric-vector position angle $\psi_{\rm X}$=107$\pm$3$^{\circ}$ in the 2-8 keV band. From the time variability analysis, we find a significant episodic variation in $\psi_{\rm X}$. During 7 months from the first IXPE pointing of Mrk 421 in 2022 May, $\psi_{\rm X}$ varied across the range of 0$^{\circ}$ to 180$^{\circ}$, while $\Pi_{\rm X}$ maintained similar values within $\sim$10-15$\%$. Furthermore, a swing in $\psi_{\rm X}$ in 2022 June was accompanied by simultaneous spectral variations. The results of the multiwavelength polarimetry show that the X-ray polarization degree was generally $\sim$2-3 times greater than that at longer wavelengths, while the polarization angle fluctuated. Additionally, based on radio, infrared, and optical polarimetry, we find that rotation of $\psi$ occurred in the opposite direction with respect to the rotation of $\psi_{\rm X}$ over longer timescales at similar epochs. The polarization behavior observed across multiple wavelengths is consistent with previous IXPE findings for HSP blazars. This result favors the energy-stratified shock model developed to explain variable emission in relativistic jets. The accompanying spectral variation during the $\psi_{\rm X}$ rotation can be explained by a fluctuation in the physical conditions, e.g., in the energy distribution of relativistic electrons. The opposite rotation direction of $\psi$ between the X-ray and longer-wavelength polarization accentuates the conclusion that the X-ray emitting region is spatially separated from that at longer wavelengths.
Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables; Accepted for publication in A&A
Titel: |
Magnetic Field Properties inside the Jet of Mrk 421: Multiwavelength Polarimetry Including the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Kim, Dawoon E. ; Di Gesu, Laura ; Liodakis, Ioannis ; Marscher, Alan P. ; Jorstad, Svetlana G. ; Midde, Riccardo ; Marshall, Herman L. ; Pacciani, Luigi ; Agudo, Iván ; Tavecchio, Fabrizio ; Cibrario, Nicolò ; Tugliani, Stefano ; Bonino, Raffaella ; Negro, Michela ; Puccetti, Simonetta ; Tombesi, Francesco ; Costa, Enrico ; Donnarumma, Immacolata ; Soffitta, Paolo ; Mizuno, Tsunefumi ; Fukazawa, Yasushi ; Kawabata, Koji S. ; Nakaoka, Tatsuya ; Uemura, Makoto ; Imazawa, Ryo ; Sasada, Mahito ; Akitaya, Hiroshi ; Aceituno, Francisco Josè ; Bonnoli, Giacomo ; Casanova, Vìctor ; Myserlis, Ioannis ; Sievers, Albrecht ; Angelakis, Emmanouil ; Kraus, Alexander ; Cheong, Whee Yeon ; Jeong, Hyeon-Woo ; Kang, Sincheol ; Kim, Sang-Hyun ; Lee, Sang-Sung ; Agìs-Gonzàlez, Beatriz ; Sota, Alfredo ; Escudero, Juan ; Gurwell, Mark ; Keating, Garrett K. ; Rao, Ramprasad ; Kouch, Pouya M. ; Lindfors, Elina ; Bourbah, Ioakeim G. ; Kiehlmann, Sebastian ; Kontopodis, Evangelos ; Mandarakas, Nikos ; Romanopoulos, Stylianos ; Skalidis, Raphael ; Vervelaki, Anna ; Savchenko, Sergey S. ; Antonelli, Lucio A. ; Bachetti, Matteo ; Baldini, Luca ; Baumgartner, Wayne H. ; Bellazzini, Ronaldo ; Bianchi, Stefano ; Bongiorno, Stephen D. ; Brez, Alessandro ; Bucciantini, Niccolò ; Capitanio, Fiamma ; Castellano, Simone ; Cavazzuti, Elisabetta ; Chen, Chien-Ting ; Ciprini, Stefano ; De Rosa, Alessandra ; Del Monte, Ettore ; Di Lalla, Niccolò ; Di Marco, Alessandro ; Doroshenko, Victor ; Dovčiak, Michal ; Ehlert, Steven R. ; Enoto, Teruaki ; Evangelista, Yuri ; Fabiani, Sergio ; Ferrazzoli, Riccardo ; Garcia, Javier A. ; Gunji, Shuichi ; Hayashida, Kiyoshi ; Heyl, Jeremy ; Iwakiri, Wataru ; Kaaret, Philip ; Karas, Vladimir ; Kislat, Fabian ; Kitaguchi, Takao ; Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J. ; Krawczynski, Henric ; La Monaca, Fabio ; Latronico, Luca ; Maldera, Simone ; Manfreda, Alberto ; Marin, Frédéric ; Marinucci, Andrea ; Massaro, Francesco ; Matt, Giorgio ; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki ; Muleri, Fabio ; Ng, C. Y. ; O'Dell, Stephen L. ; Omodei, Nicola ; Oppedisano, Chiara ; Papitto, Alessandro ; Pavlov, George G. ; Peirson, Abel L. ; Perri, Matteo ; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa ; Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier ; Pilia, Maura ; Possenti, Andrea ; Poutanen, Juri ; Ramsey, Brian D. ; Rankin, John ; Ratheesh, Ajay ; Roberts, Oliver ; Romani, Roger W. ; Sgrò, Carmelo ; Slane, Patrick ; Spandre, Gloria ; Swartz, Doug ; Tamagawa, Toru ; Taverna, Roberto ; Tawara, Yuzuru ; Tennant, Allyn F. ; Thomas, Nicholas E. ; Trois, Alessio ; Tsygankov, Sergey S. ; Turolla, Roberto ; Vink, Jacco ; Weisskopf, Martin C. ; Wu, Kinwah ; Xie, Fei ; Zane, Silvia |
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Quelle: | A&A 681, A12 (2024); (2023) |
Veröffentlichung: | 2023 |
Medientyp: | report |
DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/202347408 |
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