APŠILIMAS KAIP PSICHODRAMOS PROCESO DALIS. (Lithuanian)

The paper deals with the theoretical and practical problems of applying the psychodramatic warm-up. The process of psychodrama requires some specific skills such as role-taking, doubling, role reversal. Although role playing is an extension of natural play of childhood, many people have neglected this ability in the course of growing up. The warm-up serves four main tasks regarding the group processes. First, it helps psychodrama group members to go into the process of assuming the role: to act in here and now, to speak subjectively, encounter others in the scene directly. Second, it switches participants into the specific mode of activity, different from ordinary communicating. Third, it opens the spring of creativity and spontaneity, the integral part of psychodrama. Fourth, it diminishes the fears of group members to disclose personally and motivates them for the personal work. The warm-up could be organized in various forms such as: purposeful or unfocused, verbal or nonverbal, person-oriented, dyadic or group-oriented. The leader of psychodrama has a freedom and the responsibility to choose the form of the warm-up considering the processes of group dynamics and his own personality. If group leader feels fine in the process of the warm-up he proposed, the warm-up would ℌworkℍ (i.e. it will be accepted by group). Two risks related to the warm-up are discussed. The first is the switching from the main task, i.e. the preparing for the personal work on the stage. The second is violation of safety rules. Psychodrama follows the rule: everything could be expressed, but not everyone way of expression is allowed. Some examples of warm-up exercises, appropriated for the starting phase of group work are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Straipsnyje analizuojami psichodramos proceso sudėtinės dalies, vadinamos apšilimu, taikymo probleminiai aspektai. Iš skirtingų teorinių pozicijų aptariamos apšilimo funkcijos, jo tikslai ir formos. Pateikiama praktinių rekomendacijų, kaip parinkti apšilimo pratimus, pristatomi galimų apšilimo pratimų pavyzdžiai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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