Counterterrorism Wars: Did We Learn Anything?: John A. Gentry and William M. Nolte (eds.):After the Wars: International Lessons From the U.S. Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan National Intelligence University Press, Bethesda, MD, 2018, 344 p., $27.99. A free copy of the book can be obtained at https://ni-u.edu/wp/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/After-the-Wars-eBook.pdf

Jakobsen aptly notes that this approach had been formed by the Europeans' belief that the United States would undoubtedly step in and rescue its North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) allies in circumstances where threats to their national security appeared to be real and significant. Similarly, the American wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria negatively influenced public opinion in Turkey, provoking anti-American sentiments among the Turkish political and military leadership. Counterterrorism Wars: Did We Learn Anything?. [Extracted from the article]

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