梅GRF基因家族生物信息学和表达分析. (Chinese)

[Objectives]The aim of this study was to identify members of the growth regulatory factor(GRF)gene family of Prunus mume, and systematically analyze their basic properties, evolutionary relationship and differential expression at different dormancy periods, in order to lay a theoretical foundation for further study of GRF function in P.mume. [Methods]The PmGRF gene family of P.mume was analyzed with the bioinformatics methods, to determine the gene structure, conserved motif analysis, physical and chemical properties of protein, chromosome localization, collinearity analysis, cis-acting elements and evolutionary relationship. The expression patterns of PmGRF gene family at different dormancy stages in P.mume were analyzed by RT-qPCR. [Results]The PmGRF family of P.mume contained 15 members, and the PmGRF gene was unevenly distributed on 6 chromosomes in P.mume. Most of the GRF proteins contained many basic amino acids, and all GRF proteins were hydrophilic proteins. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the GRF families of P.mume, apricot, almond and Arabidopsis thaliana were divided into seven subfamilies, and the homology between P.mume and apricot GRF families was high. The PmGRF promoter of P.mume was rich in elements related to growth and development. The collinearity map reflected that there were segmental repeats in the three pairs of genes PmGRF01 and PmGRF02, PmGRF09 and PmGRF11, PmGRF04 and PmGRF14. There was a linear relationship between AtGRF04 and PmGRF13, AtGRF05 and PmGRF04, indicating that they had homology. The Ka/Ks values of PmGRF gene repeats were far less than 1, indicating that the evolution process was subject to purification selection. PmGRF12, PmGRF06 and PmGRF09 had the highest transcriptional abundance in buds. RT-qPCR analysis showed that there were significant changes in the expression of PmGRF in most P.mume during the four dormancy periods. [Conclusions]PmGRF basically conforms to the typical characteristics of plant GRF gene. According to the analysis of the structure and expression, it can be hypothesized that PmGRF12, PmGRF06 and PmGRF09 may be involved in the dormancy process of buds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[目的]本文旨在对梅生长调控因子(GRF)基因家族成员进行鉴定并系统分析其基本性质、进化关系以及不同休眠时期的差异表达，以期为深入研究梅PmGRF基因功能奠定基础。[方法]利用生物信息学方法对PmGRF基因家族基因结构、保守基序、蛋白理化性质、染色体定位、共线性、顺式作用元件和进化关系等进行分析，并通过RT-qPCR 技术进一步分析PmGRF基因家族在休眠芽不同时期的表达模式。[结果]PmGRF家族包含15 个成员，PmGRF基因不均匀分布在6条染色体上。多数GRF蛋白富含碱性氨基酸，且GRF蛋白皆为亲水蛋白。系统进化分析表明梅、杏、扁桃和拟南芥的GRF家族被分为7个亚家族，且梅与杏GRF基因家族的同源性较高。PmGRF基因启动子上富含最多的是生长发育相关的作用元件，如与分生组织表达相关的顺式作用调控元件。共线性分析发现，PmGRF01和PmGRF02、PmGRF09和PmGRF11、PmGRF04和PmGRF14等3对基因存在节段性重复，AtGRF04和PmGRF13、AtGRF05和PmGRF04之间存在线性关系，表明它们之间具有同源性。PmGRF基因重复序列的Ka/Ks值都远小于1，说明进化过程中受纯化选择。组织器官表达分析发现，PmGRF12、PmGRF06和PmGRF09在休眠芽中的转录丰度最高，且RT-qPCR分析发现大多数PmGRF在4个休眠时期的表达量差异显著。[结论]PmGRF基本符合植物GRF 基因的典型特征，根据结构和表达分析推测PmGRF12、PmGRF06和PmGRF09可能参与芽的休眠过程。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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