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Introduction: malaria is a major public health issue in Africa. In Chad in 2019, with 955,243 confirmed cases and 2,955 deaths, malaria is the main cause of consultations. A longitudinal entomological study was conducted in Moïssala Health District. Its objective was to assess the impact of indoor residual spraying with 80% bendiocarb wettable powder on malaria transmission.

Methods: two areas were defined for the study: Dembo, located in the sprayed area, Moïssala, in the untreated area. Two sampling methods were used: pyrethrum spray catches and human landing catches.

Results: sixteen sessions of human landing catches totalling 32 man-nights were conducted and 160 rooms/site were sprayed. Two anopheles were captured in Dembo and 547 in Moïssala. In Moïssala, An coluzzii, An funestus and An rufipes were captured in the rooms and on human bait. An colluzzii and An funestus were captured in pyrethrum spray catches in Dembo. The anophelian human landing catches density was zero in Dembo while it was 8.38 bites/man/night in outdoor and 10.06 bits/man/night in indoor in Moïssala. Only An coluzziiwas found infected in human landing catches and sporozoite index of was 7.46% (10/134) in outdoor and 7.45% (12/161) in indoor in Moïssala. Malaria transmission was estimated at 0.63 infected bites/man/night in outdoor and 0.75 infected bites/man/night in indoor i.e. 229.95 infected bites/man/year in outdoor and 273.75 infected bites/man/year. In pyrethrum spray catches, An coluzzii and An rufipes were the two species found infected in Moïssala with sporozoite indices of 6.70% (23/343) and 20% (2/10) respectively. However, in Dembo, neither of the two captured mosquitoes was found infected.

Conclusion: the indoor residual spraying campaign in the eastern zone of Moïssala has led to the collapse of vectors´ density and aggressiveness. However, its evaluation over a short period of time is not sufficient to assess the impact of malaria transmission in this constant and endemic malaria zone.

Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest.

(Copyright: Israël Demba Kodindo et al.)

Titel:	An entomological survey in the Sudanese Guinean environmental transition zone after indoor residual spraying, Chad.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Kodindo, ID ; Kalnoné, EY ; Oumar, AM ; Tchonfinet, M ; Fadel, AN ; Abba, BA ; Belemel, D ; Mallaye, P ; Hinzoumbe, CK
Link:	Zum Volltext
Zeitschrift:	The Pan African medical journal, Jg. 40 (2021-11-29), S. 189
Veröffentlichung:	Kampala, Uganda : African Field Epidemiology Network, 2021
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1937-8688 (electronic)
DOI:	10.11604/pamj.2021.40.189.27903
Schlagwort:	Animals Chad epidemiology Humans Male Mosquito Control Mosquito Vectors Anopheles Insecticides Malaria epidemiology Malaria prevention & control Pyrethrins
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [Pan Afr Med J] 2021 Nov 29; Vol. 40, pp. 189. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2021 Nov 29 (<i>Print Publication: </i>2021). MeSH Terms: Anopheles* ; Insecticides* ; Malaria* / epidemiology ; Malaria* / prevention & control ; Pyrethrins* ; Animals ; Chad / epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mosquito Control ; Mosquito Vectors References: Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2009 Feb;102(1):26-30. (PMID: 19343917) ; Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1998;91(4):327-33. (PMID: 9846228) ; Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1993 Mar;73(1):55-60. (PMID: 8323408) ; Bull World Health Organ. 1987;65(1):39-45. (PMID: 3555879) ; Malar J. 2008 Apr 29;7:74. (PMID: 18445265) ; Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales. 1960 Mar-Apr;53:150-2. (PMID: 13746779) ; Parasite. 1994 Dec;1(4):325-33. (PMID: 9235206) ; Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1984 Sep;33(5):783-8. (PMID: 6385740) ; Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2002 Mar;95(1):11-6. (PMID: 12012955) ; Med Sante Trop. 2017 Aug 1;27(3):253-259. (PMID: 28947400) ; Parasit Vectors. 2011 Jun 16;4:109. (PMID: 21679459) ; Parasite. 2001 Dec;8(4):309-16. (PMID: 11802267) ; BMC Infect Dis. 2009 May 23;9:71. (PMID: 19463189) ; Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1994 Jun;74(2):83-91. (PMID: 7944652) ; Parasitol Today. 1996 Jun;12(6):236-40. (PMID: 15275204) ; Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1991;71 Suppl 1:113-25. (PMID: 1793263) ; Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2007 Jan 26;82(4):30-2. (PMID: 17256205) Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Chad; Malaria; Sudanese Guinean zone; indoor residual spraying; transmission Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Insecticides) ; 0 (Pyrethrins) Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20220121 Date Completed: 20220124 Latest Revision: 20220430 Update Code: 20231215 PubMed Central ID: PMC8728807

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An entomological survey in the Sudanese Guinean environmental transition zone after indoor residual spraying, Chad.