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The CRISPR system provides adaptive immunity against mobile genetic elements in prokaryotes. On binding invading RNA species, Type III CRISPR systems generate cyclic oligoadenylate (cOA) signalling molecules, potentiating a powerful immune response by activating downstream effector proteins, leading to viral clearance, cell dormancy or death. Here we describe the structure and mechanism of a cOA-activated CRISPR defence DNA endonuclease, CRISPR ancillary nuclease 1 (Can1). Can1 has a unique monomeric structure with two CRISPR associated Rossman fold (CARF) domains and two DNA nuclease-like domains. The crystal structure of the enzyme has been captured in the activated state, with a cyclic tetra-adenylate (cA 4 ) molecule bound at the core of the protein. cA 4 binding reorganises the structure to license a metal-dependent DNA nuclease activity specific for nicking of supercoiled DNA. DNA nicking by Can1 is predicted to slow down viral replication kinetics by leading to the collapse of DNA replication forks.

Titel:	Structure and mechanism of a Type III CRISPR defence DNA nuclease activated by cyclic oligoadenylate.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	McMahon, SA ; Zhu, W ; Graham, S ; Rambo, R ; White, MF ; Gloster, TM
Link:	Zum Volltext
Zeitschrift:	Nature communications, Jg. 11 (2020-01-24), Heft 1, S. 500
Veröffentlichung:	[London] : Nature Pub. Group, 2020
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	2041-1723 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1038/s41467-019-14222-x
Schlagwort:	Binding Sites DNA metabolism Models, Molecular Plasmids genetics Protein Domains Structural Homology, Protein Thermus thermophilus genetics Adenine Nucleotides pharmacology Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats genetics Endonucleases chemistry Endonucleases metabolism Oligoribonucleotides pharmacology
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Language: English [Nat Commun] 2020 Jan 24; Vol. 11 (1), pp. 500. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2020 Jan 24. MeSH Terms: Adenine Nucleotides / pharmacology ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats / genetics ; Endonucleases / chemistry ; Endonucleases / metabolism ; Oligoribonucleotides / *pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; DNA / metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Plasmids / genetics ; Protein Domains ; Structural Homology, Protein ; Thermus thermophilus / genetics References: Rouillon, C., Athukoralage, J. S., Graham, S., Grüschow, S. & White, M. F. Control of cyclic oligoadenylate synthesis in a type III CRISPR system. eLife 7, e36734 (2018). (PMID: 29963983605330410.7554/eLife.36734) ; Niewoehner, O. et al. Type III CRISPR-Cas systems produce cyclic oligoadenylate second messengers. Nature 548, 543–548 (2017). 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Structure and mechanism of a Type III CRISPR defence DNA nuclease activated by cyclic oligoadenylate.