Examining the safety of menstrual cups among rural primary school girls in western Kenya: observational studies nested in a randomised controlled feasibility study.
In: BMJ open, Jg. 7 (2017-05-04), Heft 4, S. e015429
Online
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Objective: Examine the safety of menstrual cups against sanitary pads and usual practice in Kenyan schoolgirls.
Design: Observational studies nested in a cluster randomised controlled feasibility study.
Setting: 30 primary schools in a health and demographic surveillance system in rural western Kenya.
Participants: Menstruating primary schoolgirls aged 14-16 years participating in a menstrual feasibility study.
Interventions: Insertable menstrual cup, monthly sanitary pads or 'usual practice' (controls).
Outcome Measures: Staphylococcus aureus vaginal colonization, Escherichia coli growth on sampled used cups, toxic shock syndrome or other adverse health outcomes.
Results: Among 604 eligible girls tested, no adverse event or TSS was detected over a median 10.9 months follow-up. S. aureus prevalence was 10.8%, with no significant difference over intervention time or between groups. Of 65 S.aureus positives at first test, 49 girls were retested and 10 (20.4%) remained positive. Of these, two (20%) sample isolates tested positive for toxic shock syndrome toxin-1; both girls were provided pads and were clinically healthy. Seven per cent of cups required replacements for loss, damage, dropping in a latrine or a poor fit. Of 30 used cups processed for E. coli growth, 13 (37.1%, 95% CI 21.1% to 53.1%) had growth. E. coli growth was greatest in newer compared with established users (53%vs22.2%, p=0.12).
Conclusions: Among this feasibility sample, no evidence emerged to indicate menstrual cups are hazardous or cause health harms among rural Kenyan schoolgirls, but large-scale trials and post-marketing surveillance should continue to evaluate cup safety.
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
(© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.)
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Examining the safety of menstrual cups among rural primary school girls in western Kenya: observational studies nested in a randomised controlled feasibility study.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Juma, J ; Nyothach, E ; Laserson, KF ; Oduor, C ; Arita, L ; Ouma, C ; Oruko, K ; Omoto, J ; Mason, L ; Alexander, KT ; Fields, B ; Onyango, C ; Phillips-Howard, PA |
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Zeitschrift: | BMJ open, Jg. 7 (2017-05-04), Heft 4, S. e015429 |
Veröffentlichung: | [London] : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2011-, 2017 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 2044-6055 (electronic) |
DOI: | 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015429 |
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