Prevalence, Level, and Types of Salmonella Isolated from North American In-Shell Pecans over Four Harvest Years.
In: Journal of food protection, Jg. 79 (2016-03-01), Heft 3, S. 352
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Zugriff:
In-shell pecan samples (500 g) were collected over four harvest seasons (2010 to 2014) from seven pecan shelling facilities located in five U.S. states. Four varieties of pecans were analyzed: Mexican Improved, Native Seedlings, Southern Improved, and Western Improved. Pecan samples (100 g) were sent to a third party laboratory for initial Salmonella screening. When a sample was positive for Salmonella, the pathogen level was determined by the most-probable-number (MPN) method (25, 2.5, and 0.25 g). Two sample preparation strategies were used for the MPN analysis, and both strategies were combined for the reported MPN values. Forty-four (0.95%) of 4,641 in-shell pecan samples were positive for Salmonella during initial screening; prevalence by year was 0.47 to 1.4%. Prevalence was not significantly different between varieties: Mexican Improved, 1.2%; Native/Seedling, 0.99%; Southern Improved, 0.97%; and Western Improved, 0.75%. Salmonella was not isolated from 31 of 44 samples upon retesting during MPN analysis (<0.47 MPN/100 g). When Salmonella was detected, the levels were 0.47 to 39 MPN/100 g, with a mean of 2.4 MPN/100 g. Thirty-one Salmonella serotypes were obtained from 42 Salmonella-positive pecan samples; Enteritidis was the most common (12% of samples) followed by Javiana (9%) and Braenderup (7%). All Salmonella Enteritidis isolates were phage type 8. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis (XbaI) revealed within-serotype diversity, indicating introduction of contamination from a variety of sources. Most (64%) of the isolates were resistant to streptomycin or tetracycline, and 13% were resistant to three or more antibiotics. Salmonella prevalence and level on in-shell pecans is comparable to that on other nuts.
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Prevalence, Level, and Types of Salmonella Isolated from North American In-Shell Pecans over Four Harvest Years.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Brar, PK ; Strawn, LK ; Danyluk, MD |
Zeitschrift: | Journal of food protection, Jg. 79 (2016-03-01), Heft 3, S. 352 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2023- : [New York, NY] : Elsevier ; <i>Original Publication</i>: Ames, Iowa, International Association of Milk, Food, and Environmental Sanitarians., 2016 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1944-9097 (electronic) |
DOI: | 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-365 |
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