HIV-infected children living in Central Africa have low persistence of antibodies to vaccines used in the Expanded Program on Immunization.
In: PloS one, Jg. 2 (2007-12-05), Heft 12, S. e1260
Online
academicJournal
Zugriff:
Background: The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is the most cost-effective measures to control vaccine-preventable diseases. Currently, the EPI schedule is similar for HIV-infected children; the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) should considerably prolong their life expectancy.
Methods and Principal Findings: To evaluate the persistence of antibodies to the EPI vaccines in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children who previously received these vaccines in routine clinical practice, we conducted a cross-sectional study of children, aged 18 to 36 months, born to HIV-infected mothers and living in Central Africa. We tested blood samples for antibodies to the combined diphtheria, tetanus, and whole-cell pertussis (DTwP), the measles and the oral polio (OPV) vaccines. We enrolled 51 HIV-infected children of whom 33 were receiving ART, and 78 HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-infected women. A lower proportion of HIV-infected children than uninfected children had antibodies to the tested antigens with the exception of the OPV types 1 and 2. This difference was substantial for the measles vaccine (20% of the HIV-infected children and 56% of the HIV-exposed uninfected children, p<0.0001). We observed a high risk of low antibody levels for all EPI vaccines, except OPV types 1 and 2, in HIV-infected children with severe immunodeficiency (CD4(+) T cells <25%).
Conclusions and Significance: Children were examined at a time when their antibody concentrations to EPI vaccines would have still not undergone significant decay. However, we showed that the antibody concentrations were lowered in HIV-infected children. Moreover, antibody concentration after a single dose of the measles vaccine was substantially lower than expected, particularly low in HIV-infected children with low CD4(+) T cell counts. This study supports the need for a second dose of the measles vaccine and for a booster dose of the DTwP and OPV vaccines to maintain the antibody concentrations in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children.
Titel: |
HIV-infected children living in Central Africa have low persistence of antibodies to vaccines used in the Expanded Program on Immunization.
|
---|---|
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Tejiokem, MC ; Gouandjika, I ; Béniguel, L ; Zanga, MC ; Tene, G ; Gody, JC ; Njamkepo, E ; Kfutwah, A ; Penda, I ; Bilong, C ; Rousset, D ; Pouillot, R ; Tangy, F ; Baril, L |
Link: | |
Zeitschrift: | PloS one, Jg. 2 (2007-12-05), Heft 12, S. e1260 |
Veröffentlichung: | San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science, 2007 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 (electronic) |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0001260 |
Schlagwort: |
|
Sonstiges: |
|