NAVIKE U ISHRANI STARIH LJUDI U ZAJEČARU I VRANJU.
In: Timocki Medicinski Glasnik, Jg. 41 (2016-04-01), Heft 2, S. 91-96
academicJournal
Zugriff:
According to the WHO definition, elderly people are those who are more than 65 years old. As the proportion of elderly people is larger than 17%, and it is predicted that by year 2050 more than 30% of the population will be older than 65, one of the concerns for the preservation of their health is the use of nutritional standards. The aim of the study was to investigate the dietary habits of older people in Zaječar and Vranje and understand their differences. The survey was conducted by interviewing people older than 65 in the Department of General Practice in Health Care Centre in Zaječar and Vranje, in July 2014. The survey was not standardised and of closed type. Statistical analysis was carried out by means of the appropriate statistical software using descriptive and analytical statistics method. To test the significance of the difference frequency of individual variables, the Pearson Chi-square test was used, and the significance level of p<0.05 was determined. The polling included 105 persons, 57 (54.3%) male and 48 (45.7%) female. Of the total number of respondents 53 (50.5%) were from Zaječar, and 52 (49.5%) from Vranje. It was found that among respondents in Zaječar and Vranje there was no statistically significant difference in the distribution according to the number of daily meals, daily use of fruits and vegetables, meat and dairy products, the use of fish 2-3 times a week and the amount of drinking water. Significantly fewer respondents ate fish 2-3 times a week, as compared to those who rarely ate it (χ2=0.40; p<0.05). More respondents used sweets and snacks as compared to those who did not use them, which was statistically significant (χ2=8.01; p<0.05). These foods were used by 73.6% of respondents in Zaječar, and 53.8% of respondents in Vranje, which was significantly more in favour of the respondents in Zaječar (χ2=4.38; p<0.05). Significantly more respondents used white bread as compared to those using other types of bread (χ2=10.37; p<0.05). Larger number of respondents prepared food by cooking (87.6%) as compared to other methods of food preparation (12.4%), which was statistically significant (χ2=59.44, p<0.05). Dietary supplements were used by 30.5% of all respondents, and not used by 69.5% (χ2=16.01; p<0.05), which was statistically significant. The results of this study showed that there was no difference in the diet of elderly people in Zaječar and Vranje, except in the use of sweets and snacks. As the two groups of respondents do not eat in accordance with the recommendations, there is a place for educating elderly people and their family members on the importance of proper nutrition and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Po definiciji SZO, stariji ljudi imaju više od 65 godina. Kako je udeo starih osoba veći od 17%, a predviđa se da će do 2050. godine više od 30% stanovništva biti starije od 65 godina, jedna od briga za očuvanje njihovog zdravlja je i primena prehrambenih normi. Cilj rada je bio se ispitaju navike u ishrani starih ljudi u Zaječaru i Vranju i sagledaju njihove razlike. Istraživanje je sprovedeno anketiranjem starijih od 65 godina u Službi opšte medicine Doma zdravlja u Zaječaru i Vranju, u julu 2014. god. Anketa je nestandardizovana i zatvorenog tipa. Statistička obrada podataka je vršena u odgovarajućem statističkom softveru metodom deskriptivne i analitičke statistike. Za testiranje značajnosti razlike učestalosti pojedinih varijabli korišćen je Pirsonov hi kvadrat test i određen je nivo značajnosti od p<0,05. Anketiranjem je obuhvaćeno 105 osoba, 57 (54,3%) ispitanika muškog pola i 48 (45,7%) ženskog pola. Od ukupnog broja anketiranih, 53 (50,5%) je iz Zaječara, a 52 (49,5%) iz Vranja. Utvrđeno je da između ispitanika u Zaječaru i Vranju ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u distribuciji prema broju dnevnih obroka, svakodnevnoj upotrebi voća i povrća, mesa i mlečnih proizvoda, upotrebi ribe 2-3 puta nedeljno i količini vode za piće. Statistički značajno manje ispitanika jede ribu 2-3 puta nedeljno, u odnosu na one koji je ređe koriste (χ2= 0,40; p<0,05). Više ispitanika koristi slatkiše i grickalice, u odnosu na one koji ih ne koriste, što je statistički značajno (χ2= 8,01; p<0,05). Njih koristi 73,6% ispitanika u Zaječaru, a 53,8% ispitanika u Vranju, što je statistički značajno više u korist ispitanika u Zaječaru (χ2=4,38; p<0,05). Statistički značajno više ispitanika koristi beli hleb, u odnosu na one koji koriste ostale vrste hleba (χ2= 10,37; p<0,05). Veći broj ispitanika priprema hranu kuvanjem (87,6%), u odnosu na ostale načine pripreme hrane (12,4%), što je statistički značajno (χ2=59,44, p<0,05). Dodatke ishrani u vidu suplemenata koristi 30,5% svih ispitanika, a ne koristi 69,5% (χ2=16,01; p<0,05), što je statistički značajno. Rezultati ovog rada pokazuju da nema razlike u ishrani starih ljudi u Zaječaru i Vranju, osim u korišćenju slatkiša i grickalica. Kako se obe grupe ispitanika ne hrane u skladu sa preporukama, ima mesta edukaciji starih ljudi i njihovih ukućana o značaju pravilne i kvalitetne ishrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Titel: |
NAVIKE U ISHRANI STARIH LJUDI U ZAJEČARU I VRANJU.
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Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Mihajlović, Nataša ; Savić-Mitić, Žaklina ; Nakić, Maja ; Dinov, Vesna ; Nakić, Anita ; Ćosić, Snežana |
Zeitschrift: | Timocki Medicinski Glasnik, Jg. 41 (2016-04-01), Heft 2, S. 91-96 |
Veröffentlichung: | 2016 |
Medientyp: | academicJournal |
ISSN: | 0350-2899 (print) |
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